Fluid-operated tool



7 Sept. 17, 1929. E. F. TERRY, J-

I gwoento'z E}? 17877 75".

Sept. 17, 1929- T JR 1,728,312

.FLUID OPERATED TOOL Filed Jan.. 16, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. 17, 1929 EDWARD F. 'IEBRY, JIL, OF SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH, ASSIGNO-R 'BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO THE GARDNER-DENVER QOMPANY, 0F QUINCY, ILLINOIS, A QDBPOBA- '1 ION OF DELAWARE FLUl -Ql TED @OQ Application filed January 16, 1924. Serial lio. (i fififi ili.

The present invention relates to automatic distributingvalve mechanism for fluid pres sure actuated tools, and particularly those of the hammer type, the object being to provide a simple effective structure that is certain in its operation, can cheaply constructed and easily assembled.

Two of several possible embodiments of the i -ivention are illustrated in the acconr rearing raw ngs herei Figii 1 is a onsitufiinal S c n ie s mew at agram ati in it h te the probably preferred form of construction Figure 2 is a cross sectional View on the line Figure is ,a' longitndinal sectional View of the other embodiment of the nvention,

Figure 1 is a cross sectional v ew on the l ne Hot Figure In the structure shown in Figures and 2, a l d memb 5 empleyed; c ntain n a p e h m 1 an rho/Wi ston 9 s de a valve casing 7. The valve ng is provided with a valvechamber, cons sting offa central cylindrical porti on8 and front and rear head chambers'Q and 10. Front and rear closures 11 and 12 are provided for the outerends the head chambers S and 10, and are prefeija bly connected by a tie bolt The closure is in the form of a coupling element having a supply passageway l lathat opens into the head chamber 10. A supply port 15 connects the outer end of the chamber 10 with the rear end ofthe piston chamber 6 and'a combined supplyand exhaust port 16 connects the front end of the head chamber 9 With the front end oi the piston chamber 6. Trip ports 17 and 18, [respectively connect inteninediate portions of the piston chamber 6 with the inner ends of the headchambers Sand 10. Said inner ends "of the headchambers furthermore have bl eed ports 19 opening to atn'iosphere and of; less cross sectional areathan the trip ports 17 andll8. The front head chamber? is furthermore provided between its ends with an exhaust port 20, preferably of substantially the same capacity as the supply and exhaust port l6- lT e p st n s a be 6 i pre iq e w th Located in the valve chamber is a sectional valve, comprising front and rear tubular heads 23 and 2 1, having integral reducedeizens n 25 ha slid b en a n th Centr bore 8 of the valve chamber abut against each other; The parts ar e separable' 'but -when in place and in operation they in Ve inunisonl The r m ea 2 isp tev dd S qh wi he rl ssu 'e sii a 'e q tb i i f area of thehead, and comprising portions "26 and 27, said head also having aigear'pr essure surface 28 of areat han the surface 26%2 7. In like mannertherear head 24 Elisa rela tiv y l e es ur' se w'P iaP iS s P tions 29 and fiOQ ahdit has aifront'pressure surface 31 of less area than the surface 29-3'0. h renfi h ad 2.3 i asp'a iad' wi an annular peripheral groove 32 that serves to .efiel d omieuii j e v w n a the "part 1' and the exhaust port when the valve is in its foremost position, as illustrated Figure 1 h raw: i l be n te i t p l type, so that it has an open bar- 33 that per} mitS th l q iY to flow from the passage Way 141 into the front end of the headcliamher 9, and conseguently fluid ands;- pressure simultaneously in both head chambers.

v The operation of this st amers as follows Assuming the parts as shoivn inFigure 1, will be evidentltha t inotive flui d delivered to the passageway 14 will be operative against the surfaces 29- of the rear head and against the surface of front head, thereby holdinp; the valve its foremost position, and allowingthe motive fluid to pass through the vport 15 into the rear end of the piston chamber 6. It will here operate against the rear end of the pisto'n 22 to drive it forward. When the' rear end of the" piston passes the is pa 1. mane flui win pasfi are Piston Chamber Wau hsari-11in ,Pii f i d operating against the front surface 31, will, with the aid of the pressure against the surface 26, overcome the pressure against the surfaces 29-30, whereby the valve will shift to the rear. In the meantime the port 21, the port 16, groove 32 and port 20 will permit the exhaust of the fluid in advance-of the piston and the latter set of ports will continue to permit the exhaust after the piston has closed the mainexhaust port 21. When the valve shifts, however, the exhaust port 20 is cut off from the port 16, while the end of the valve head 23 uncovers said port 16to live fluid.

As a consequence the piston will be driven rearwardly, the exhaust again taking place through the main port 21 until the piston 22 has closed it, after which pressure will build up behind the piston and act as a cushion. The rearward movement of the piston continues until the trip port 17 is uncovered, whereupon motive fluid will pass into the rear end of the head chamber, and acting against the surface 28, will cooperate with the pressure against the surface 29 and shift the valve to the position shown in Figure 1. Thereupon the operation above described will be repeated.

In the form of construction shown in Figures 3 and 4, the piston chamber is designated 34, and the reduced central portion of the valve chamber is shown at 35. The rear head chamber is designated 36 and the front head designated 37. The supply passageway 38, in this instance, is located outside the valve chamber, and has terminal ports 39 leading respectively to the outer ends of said head chambers through plugs 40, constituting closures for said outer ends. A supply port 41 leads from the outer end of the head chamber 36to the rear end of the piston chamber 34, and a combined supply and exhaust port 42 leads from the frontend of the front head chamber 37 to the front end of the piston chamber 34. Trip ports 43 and 44 afford communication between the intermediate portions of the piston chamber 34, and the inner ends of the head chambers, and said inner ends of said head chambers have bleed ports 45 to atmosphere. A main exhaust port 46 opens from the central portion of the piston chamber to atmosphere, and is traversed by the reciprocatory' piston 47. The valve in this case consists of heads 48 and 49,

located in the head chambers 36 and 37 and groove 51, which affords communication between the port 42 and an exhaust port 52, which opens. from the inner end of the front head chamber 37 to atmosphere.

It will be evident that this structure operates the same as that above described and it sary in connection therewith.

From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction, operation and many advantages of the herein described invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without further description, and it will be understood that various changes in the size,.shape, proportion and minor details of construction, may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

\Vhat I claim, is

1. In a fluid operated tool, a piston chamher and a valve casing having head chambers, supply ports connecting the head chambers with the end portions of the piston chamber, trip ports between the piston chamber and the head chambers, said piston chamber also having a main exhaust port between its ends, a valve having heads in the head chambers and each head having opposed pressure surfaces of difierent areas, means for supplying motive fluid to both head chambers and maintaining the pressure thereof simultaneously against a large surface of one of the heads and an opposing smaller surface of the other head when the valve is in one position and vice versa when the valve is shifted, and a piston in the piston chamber operating across the ports and admitting motive fluid from the piston chamber alternately through the trip ports to cause pressure thereof against an opposing, smaller surface of that head that has its larger surface under pressure from the motive fluid, thepressure against the said two smaller surfaces of the two heads cooperating to overcome the pressure against the larger surface of the one head and effecting the shifting of the valve.

2. In a fluid-operated tool, the combination with a piston chamber and a valve casing having valve head chambers, of supply ports between the outer end portions of the head chambers and the end portions of the piston chamber, trip ports connecting the inner ends of the head chambers and the piston chamber between the supply ports, a reciprocatory valve having heads in the head chambers, each head having an outer pressure surface comprising distinct sections and a reversely located inner pressure surface of less area than the outer surface, said heads alternately covering and uncovering the supply ports, means for simultaneously supplying motive fluid to both head chambers against the larger pressure surface of the head that has uncovered the supply port and against a smaller pressure surface section of the outer surface of the other head, and a piston in the piston chamber actuated by the motive fluid delivered through the supply ports and movable to alternately uncover the trip ports and admit motive fluid from the piston chamber to the head chambers and against the smaller inner pressure surface of the head that has masses its larger surface under pressure from the motive fluid. V

3. In a fluid operatedtool, the combination with a piston chamber and 'a valvecasing having valve head chambers, of supply ports between the outer end portionsof the head chambers and the end portions of the piston chamber, trip ports connecting the inner ends of the head chambers and the piston chamber between the supply ports, said head chambers also having bleed ports to atmosphere, and of less cross sectional area than the trip ports, a reciprocatory valve having heads in the head chambers, each head having an outer pressure surface formed of distinct sections and a reversely located innor pressure surface of less area than the inner surface, said heads alternately coveiu ing and uncovering the supply ports, means for simultaneously supplying motive fluid to both head chambers against the larger pressure surface of the head that has uncovered the supply port and against a section of smaller pressure area of the outersurface of the other head, and a piston in the piston chamber actuated by the motive fluid delivered through the supply ports and movable to alternately uncover the trip ports and admit motive fluid from the piston chamber 1 to the head chambers and against the smaller pressure surface of the head that has its larger surface under pressure from the motive fluid.

4:. Ina fluid-operated tool, a piston chamher and a valve casing having head chambers, supply ports connecting the head chambers with the end portions of the piston chamber, trip ports between the piston chamber and the head chambers, said piston chamber also having a main exhaust port between its ends, a valve having heads in the head chambers and each head having opposed pressure surfaces of different areas, means for supply-' ing motive fluid to both chambers and maintaining a pressure thereof simultaneously against the larger surface of one of the heads and an opposing smaller surface of the other head when the valve is in one position, and vice versa when the valve is shifted, and a piston in the piston chamber operating across the ports and admitting motive fluid from the piston chamber alternately through the trip ports to cause pressure thereof against the opposing smaller surface of that head that has its larger surface under pressure from the motive fluid, the pressure against the two smaller surfaces of the two heads cooperating to overcome the pressure against the larger surface of the one head, one of the head chambers also having an exhaust port that is alternately brought into and out of communication with the piston chamber by the movement of the valve head in said chamber.

5. The combination with a piston chamber and a valve chamber, said valve chamber having a relatively small central portion and nlarged cndsformingfront and rear head chambers, supply ports between the outer ends Of the head chambers andthe ends of the piston chamber, trip ports between the inner ends of the head chambers and intermediate portions of the piston chamber,

bleed ports'of less cross sectional area than the trip ports andopening from the inner ends of the head chambers to atmosphere,

a reciprocatory valve including a neck in the ton operating in the piston chamber, actuated by themotive fluiddelivered alternately through the supplyports and movable to alternately uncover the trip ports and admit motive fluid from the piston chamber to the head chambers and against the smaller pressure surface of the head that has its larger surface under pressure from the motive fluid, said piston chamber having a main exhaust port that is uncovered'to opposite sides of the piston by said piston, the front head chamber also 'having "an exhaust port that is uncovered to the supply port when the larger pressure sur der pressure. a

6, In a fluid operated tool, a piston cham her and a valve casing having head chambers, supplyports connecting the head chambers with the end portions of the piston chamber,

trip ports between the piston chamber and the head chambers, said piston chamber also having a main exhaust port between its ends, a valve comprising separable sections having heads in the head chambers and each head having opposed pressure surfaces of different areas, means {for supplying motive fluid to both chambers and maintaining the pressure thereof simultaneously against a larger surface of oneof the heads and an opposing smaller surface of theother head when the valve is in one position and vice versa when the valve is shifted, said pressureacting to maintain the sections in abutted relation, and piston in the piston chamber operating acrossthe ports and admitting motive fluid from the piston chamber alternately through the trip ports to cause pressure thereof against an opposingsmaller surface of that head that has its larger surface under pres sure from the motive fluid, the pressure against the said two smaller surfaces of the tw heads ci operst st 'wme lfp i sfaceof the opposing head is un llll 7.1m a fluid operated tool, a piston cham,

ber and a valve'casing having head cham Y bers, a supply ports connecting the outer end portions of the head chambers and the outer end portions of the piston chamber, trip ports between the inner end portions of the head chambers and the corresponding portions of the piston chamber, a piston in the piston chamber, the ends of said piston respectively covering and uncovering the trip ports, a valve having heads in the head chambers, said heads having inner surfaces actedon by motive fluid delivered to the inner ends of the head chambers through the trip ports when uncovered by the piston,'and said val e heads each having outer surface sections whosecombined area is'greater than the said inner surface thereof, means for supplying motive fluid to the outer ends ofthe head chambers and against both outer surface sections of one head when the valve is in predetermined position, and means for cutting off the fluid in the outer end of thehead chamber from access to one of the outer surface sections of the head therein when the valve is in a shifted position.

8. In a fluid operatedtool, a piston chamber and a valve casing having head chambers, supply ports connecting the outer end portions of the head chambers and the outer end portions of the piston, chamber, trip ports between the inner end portions of the head chambers and the corresponding portions of the piston chamber, a piston in the piston chamber, the ends of said piston respectively covering and uncovering the trip ports, a valve having heads in the head chambers, said heads having inner surfaces acted on by motive fluid delivered tov the'inner.

. ends of thehead chambers through the trip.

ports when uncovered by the piston and said valve heads each havingouter surface sections whose combined area is greater than the said inner surface thereof, means for supplying motive fluid to, the outer ends of the head chambers and against both outer surface sections of one head when the valve is in predetermined position, and stops against which the heads abut, said stops serving to cut off access of the fluid to certain of said outer surface sections.

9. In a fluid operated tool, a piston chamber and a valve casing having head chambers, supply ports connecting the outer end portions of thehead chambers and the outer end portions of the piston chamber, trip ports between the inner end portions of the head chambers and the corresponding portions of the piston chamber, a piston in'the piston chamber, the ends of said piston respectively covering and uncovering the trip ports, a valve having heads'in the head chambers, said headshaving inner surfaces acted on by motive fluid delivered to the inner ends of the head chambers through the trip ports when uncovered by the piston, and said valve heads each having a peripheral outer end surface section and a second outer surface inset from the peripheral surface, means for supplying motive fluid constantly to the o'uter'ends of both head chambers and against the inset surfacesections of the heads, and abutment-s against which the peripheral surfaces alternately abut when the valve is shifted.

10. In a fluid operated tool, a piston chamber and a valve casing having head chambers, supply ports connecting the outer end portions of the head chambers and the outer end portions of the piston chamber, trip ports between the inner end portions of the head chambers and the corresponding portions of the piston chamber, a piston'in the piston chamber, the ends of said piston respectively covering and uncovering the trip ports, a

valve having heads in the head chambers,

said heads having inner surfaces acted on by motive fluid delivered to the inner ends of the combined area is greater than the said innersurface thereof, means for supplying motive fluid to one of the end chambers and against the outer end of the valve head therein, and a passageway through the valve for directing motive fluid from said head chamber to the outer end of the other head chamber and against the outer end of the valve head therein.

11. In a fluid operated tool, a piston chamber and a valve casing having head chambers, supply port-s connecting the outer end portions of the head chambers and the outer end portions of the piston chamber, trip ports between the inner end portions of the head chambers and the corresponding portions of the piston chamber, a piston in the piston chamber, the ends of said piston respectively covering" and uncovering the trip ports, a valve having heads in the head'chambers, said heads having inner surfacesacted on by motive fluid delivered to the inner ones of the head chambers through the trip ports when uncovered by the piston and said valve heads, each having outer surface sections whose combined area is greater than the said inner surface thereof, means for supplying motive fluid to one of the end chambers and against the outer end of the valve head therein, a passageway through the valve for directing fluid from said head chamber to the outer end of the other head chamber and against the outer end of the valve head therein, and abutnients against which said valve heads alternately strike and cut off access of the fluid to portions of the outer surfaces of said heads.

12. In a fluid operated tool, a piston chamber and a valve casing having head chambers and a reduced bore connecting the head chambers, means for supplying motive fluid through the valve casing to the piston cham ber, a piston in the piston chamber operated by the motive fluid so supplied, an automatic controlling valve in the valve casing comprising heads in the head chamber and a shank between the heads in the bore, said valve comprising separable sections abutted against each other, and means for maintaining fluid under pressure constantly against the heads to hold the sections in abutted engagement.

1?). In a fluid operated tool, a piston chamber and a valve casing having head chambers and a reduced bore connecting the head cham bers, means for supplying motive fluid through the valve casing to the piston chamber, a piston in the piston chamber operated by the motive fluid so supplied, an automatic controlling valve in the valve casing comprising heads in the head chamber having reduced shank extensions in the bore, said reduced shank extensions being separable and abutted against each other, and'means for maintaining fluid under pressure constantly against the outer ends of the heads to maintain such abutting relation.

14. In a fluid operated tool, apiston chamber and a valve casing having head chambers and a reduced bore connecting the head chainbers, means for supplying motive fluid to one of the head chambers, passageways leading from the head chambers to the piston chambers, a piston in the piston chamber operated by the motive fluid so supplied, and an automatic controlling valve in the valve casing, comprising heads in the headchamber having reduced shank extensions in the bore, said reduced shank extensions being abutted against each other, said heads controlling the passage ways to the piston chamber, and said heads and reduced extensions having a bore therethrough for conducting motive fluid from the head chamber to which it is supplied, to the head chamber. I

15. In a fluid operated tool, a piston chamber, and a valve casing having spaced head. chambers and a reduced bore connecting'the head chambers, a piston in the piston chamber, supply ports between the outer portions of the head chamber and the piston chamber on opposite sides of the piston, trip ports between the inner portions of the headchambers and the corresponding portions of the piston chamber, said trip ports being covered and uncovered by the piston, means for supplying motive fluid to the outer portion of one of the head chambers, a valve comprlsing heads in the head chamber provided with reduced shankextensions locatedin the bore and abutted, said heads andshank extensions having a passageway therethrough aflording communication between the outer ends of the head chambers and said heads controlling the supply ports, said heads furthermore having peripheral end surface sections and inset internal end surface sections operated on by the fluid in the head chambers, and surfaces against which the peripheral surfaces alternately abut to cut off the access of fluid to said surfaces.

16. In'a fluid operated tool, a piston chamber and a valvercasing having spaced head chambers and a reduced bore connecting the head chambers, a piston in the piston cham-' ber, supply ports between the outer portions of the head chamber and the piston chamber on opposite sides of the piston, trip ports between the innerportions of the head chambers and the'corresponding portions of the piston chamber, said trip ports being covered and uncovered bythe piston, 21. valvecomprising heads in the head chamber providedwith reduced shank extensionslocated in the bore 7 the outer ends of the head chambers and against which the peripheral ends of the heads abut, one of said closures having a pas sageway for the supply of motive fluid to the head chamber thereof and through the valve passageway to the other head chamber.

17. In a fluid operated tool, a piston chamber and a valve casing having head chambers and a reduced bore connecting the head chambers, a pistonin the p ston chamber, an automatic controlling valve in the valve casing,

comprising heads in the head chambers and ashank in the bore, said valve consisting of separable abutting sections, means for supplying motive fluid to the valve casing and maintaining it constantly against the outer faces of the valve heads to maintain the sec tions thereofabutted, means controlled by the automatic valve for distributing fluid to the piston chamber to operate the valve, and means controlled by the piston for admitting fluid alternately from the piston chamber to the inner faces of the heads to shift the automatic valve. g I

18. In a fluid operated tool, a piston chamber and a valve casing having head chain hers and a reduced bore connecting the head chambers, a piston in the piston chamber, an automatic controlling valve in the valve casing comprising heads in the head chambers and a shank in the bore, said valve consisting of separable abutting sections that are tubular in form, means for supplying motive fluid to one head chamber and through the valve to the other head chamber and thereby maintain constant pressure against the outer itaces of the valve heads tomaintain the sections thereof abut ted, means controlled by the automatic Valve for distributing flilid to the piston chamber to opemtethe valve, and means" controlled by the pistonfor admitting fluid alternately from the piston chamber to the inner faces of the heads toshi ft the automatic valve.

'Intestimony whereof, I affix my signature.

; EDWARD F: TERRY, JR. 

